1. 在 Dockerfile 中，将 Tor Proxy 的端口号更改为 9151，避免与本地 Tor 端口 9150 冲突：

RUN printf "SocksPort 0.0.0.0:9151\n" >> /etc/tor/torrc

2. 在 docker-compose.yml 中添加环境变量，指定 docker Tor 使用的代理端口为 9151：

version: '3'
services:
  tor:
    image: dperson/torproxy
    environment:
      - tor_proxy_port=9151
      - tor_socks_port=9050
      - tor_control_port=9051
    ports:
      - "9050:9050"
      - "9051:9051"
      - "9151:9151"

3. 在 Python 代码中，使用代理端口 9151 访问 docker 内的 Tor：

import socks
import socket
from stem import Signal
from stem.control import Controller

TOR_PROXY = 'localhost'
TOR_PROXY_PORT = 9151 # 修改为 9151

def renew_tor_identity():
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
        controller.authenticate(password='password')
        controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)

def test_connection():
    socks.set_default_proxy(socks.SOCKS5, TOR_PROXY, TOR_PROXY_PORT) # 修改为 9151
    socket.socket = socks.socksocket
    try:
        response = requests.get('http://checkip.amazonaws.com/')
        print(response.text.strip())
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)