以下是一些优秀的Python库，用于不同类型文件加密，并包含代码示例：

1. 对称加密：

   • PyCrypto：是一个流行的加密库，提供了对称加密算法（如AES、DES等）的实现。

   from Crypto.Cipher import AES
   
   def encrypt_file_symmetric(key, in_filename, out_filename=None, chunksize=64*1024):
       if not out_filename:
           out_filename = in_filename + ".enc"
       encryptor = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX)
   
       with open(in_filename, 'rb') as infile:
           with open(out_filename, 'wb') as outfile:
               outfile.write(encryptor.nonce)
               chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
               while len(chunk) > 0:
                   encrypted_chunk = encryptor.encrypt(chunk)
                   outfile.write(encrypted_chunk)
                   chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
   
   def decrypt_file_symmetric(key, in_filename, out_filename=None, chunksize=64*1024):
       if not out_filename:
           out_filename = in_filename[:-4]
       with open(in_filename, 'rb') as infile:
           nonce = infile.read(16)
           decryptor = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX, nonce)
           with open(out_filename, 'wb') as outfile:
               chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
               while len(chunk) > 0:
                   decrypted_chunk = decryptor.decrypt(chunk)
                   outfile.write(decrypted_chunk)
                   chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
   

2. 非对称加密：

   • cryptography：是一个功能强大的加密库，提供了非对称加密算法（如RSA、ECC等）的实现。

   from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
   
   def generate_key():
       key = Fernet.generate_key()
       with open("key.txt", 'wb') as key_file:
           key_file.write(key)
   
   def encrypt_file_asymmetric(public_key_file, in_filename, out_filename=None, chunksize=64*1024):
       if not out_filename:
           out_filename = in_filename + ".enc"
       with open(public_key_file, 'rb') as key_file:
           public_key = key_file.read()
           key = Fernet(public_key)
           with open(in_filename, 'rb') as infile:
               with open(out_filename, 'wb') as outfile:
                   chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
                   while len(chunk) > 0:
                       encrypted_chunk = key.encrypt(chunk)
                       outfile.write(encrypted_chunk)
                       chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
   
   def decrypt_file_asymmetric(private_key_file, in_filename, out_filename=None, chunksize=64*1024):
       if not out_filename:
           out_filename = in_filename[:-4]
       with open(private_key_file, 'rb') as key_file:
           private_key = key_file.read()
           key = Fernet(private_key)
           with open(in_filename, 'rb') as infile:
               chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
               with open(out_filename, 'wb') as outfile:
                   while len(chunk) > 0:
                       decrypted_chunk = key.decrypt(chunk)
                       outfile.write(decrypted_chunk)
                       chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
   

3. 文件压缩和加密：

   • pyminizip：是一个Python库，可以将文件压缩并使用密码进行加密。

   import pyminizip
   
   def compress_encrypt_file(in_filename, out_filename, password):
       pyminizip.compress(in_filename, None, out_filename, password, 5)
   
   def decompress_decrypt_file(in_filename, out_filename, password):
       pyminizip.uncompress(in_filename, password, ".", out_filename)
   

这些库提供了不同类型文件加密的解决方案，可以根据需求选择适合的库和算法进行文件加密和解密操作。