要避免在AudioRecord对象未初始化时调用startRecording()方法，需要确保在调用startRecording()之前，已经成功初始化了AudioRecord对象。以下是一个可能的解决方法，其中audioSource和sampleRateInHz需要进行正确设置。

private AudioRecord audioRecord;
private int bufferSizeInBytes;

private void initAudioRecord() {
    int audioSource = MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC;
    int channelConfig = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO;
    int audioFormat = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
    int sampleRateInHz = 44100;

    bufferSizeInBytes = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(sampleRateInHz,
            channelConfig, audioFormat);
    audioRecord = new AudioRecord(audioSource, sampleRateInHz, channelConfig, audioFormat,
            bufferSizeInBytes);
}

private void startRecording() {
    if(audioRecord == null) {
        initAudioRecord();
    }

    if(audioRecord.getState() == AudioRecord.STATE_INITIALIZED) {
        audioRecord.startRecording();
    }
    else {
        Log.e(TAG, "AudioRecord is not initialized");
    }
}