在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加如下权限：

同时，在应用程序中请求定位权限：

private static final int REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSIONS = 1;

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {

    } else {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                             Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSIONS);
    }
}

在扫描蓝牙服务之前，确保已授予了定位权限：

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
            == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    // 开始扫描
} else {
    // 请求定位权限
}