要创建一个响应式表格，您需要使用Angular Material的表格组件和Flex布局。以下是一个示例解决方案：

1. 首先，确保您已经安装了Angular Material和Flex布局。您可以使用以下命令来安装它们：

npm install @angular/material @angular/cdk @angular/flex-layout

2. 在您的Angular项目中导入所需的模块。在您的app.module.ts文件中添加以下代码：

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { FlexLayoutModule } from '@angular/flex-layout';
import { MatTableModule } from '@angular/material/table';
import { MatPaginatorModule } from '@angular/material/paginator';
import { MatSortModule } from '@angular/material/sort';

import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    BrowserAnimationsModule,
    FlexLayoutModule,
    MatTableModule,
    MatPaginatorModule,
    MatSortModule
  ],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

3. 在您的组件中创建表格。在您的app.component.ts文件中添加以下代码：

import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild } from '@angular/core';
import { MatTableDataSource } from '@angular/material/table';
import { MatPaginator } from '@angular/material/paginator';
import { MatSort } from '@angular/material/sort';

export interface UserData {
  id: string;
  name: string;
  email: string;
  phone: string;
}

const ELEMENT_DATA: UserData[] = [
  { id: '1', name: 'John Doe', email: 'john.doe@example.com', phone: '1234567890' },
  { id: '2', name: 'Jane Smith', email: 'jane.smith@example.com', phone: '9876543210' },
  { id: '3', name: 'Robert Johnson', email: 'robert.johnson@example.com', phone: '5555555555' },
  { id: '4', name: 'Lisa Brown', email: 'lisa.brown@example.com', phone: '1111111111' },
  { id: '5', name: 'Michael Davis', email: 'michael.davis@example.com', phone: '9999999999' }
];

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  displayedColumns: string[] = ['id', 'name', 'email', 'phone'];
  dataSource: MatTableDataSource;

  @ViewChild(MatPaginator) paginator: MatPaginator;
  @ViewChild(MatSort) sort: MatSort;

  ngOnInit() {
    this.dataSource = new MatTableDataSource(ELEMENT_DATA);
    this.dataSource.paginator = this.paginator;
    this.dataSource.sort = this.sort;
  }

  applyFilter(filterValue: string) {
    this.dataSource.filter = filterValue.trim().toLowerCase();
  }
}

4. 创建表格的HTML模板。在您的app.component.html文件中添加以下代码：

  
    
  

  

    
       ID 
       {{element.id}} 
    

    
       Name 
       {{element.name}} 
    

    
       Email 
       {{element.email}} 
    

    
       Phone 
       {{element.phone}}