在组件测试中手动注入 MAT_DIALOG_DATA。例如：

import { ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { MatDialogModule, MatDialogRef, MAT_DIALOG_DATA } from '@angular/material/dialog';

import { MyComponent } from './my.component';

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  let component: MyComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture;

  beforeEach(async () => {
    await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [ MyComponent ],
      imports: [ MatDialogModule ],
      providers: [
        {
          provide: MatDialogRef,
          useValue: {},
        },
        // manually provide the MAT_DIALOG_DATA provider
        {
          provide: MAT_DIALOG_DATA,
          useValue: {},
        },
      ],
    })
    .compileComponents();
  });

  beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(MyComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    fixture.detectChanges();
  });

  it('should create', () => {
    expect(component).toBeTruthy();
  });
});