Testbed.inject() 和 fixture.debugElement.injector.get() 都是通过依赖注入获取服务的方法。不同之处在于,前者是在 TestBed 组件中获取服务,而后者是在测试组件的 debugElement 元素中获取服务。
下面是一个实际的代码示例:
import { ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { MyService } from './my.service';
describe('MyComponent', () => {
let component: MyComponent;
let fixture: ComponentFixture;
beforeEach(async () => {
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
providers: [MyService],
declarations: [MyComponent]
}).compileComponents();
});
beforeEach(() => {
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(MyComponent);
component = fixture.componentInstance;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it('should create', () => {
expect(component).toBeTruthy();
});
it('should inject MyService using Testbed.inject', () => {
const myService = TestBed.inject(MyService);
expect(myService).toBeTruthy();
});
it('should inject MyService using fixture.debugElement.injector.get', () => {
const debugElement = fixture.debugElement;
const myService = debugElement.injector.get(MyService);
expect(myService).toBeTruthy();
});
});
从上面的代码中可以看出,Testbed.inject(MyService) 是在 TestBed 组件中直接获取服务,它更加简单和直接。fixture.debugElement.injector.get(MyService) 是在测试组件的 debugElement 元素中获取服务,相比之下更加灵活。无论使用那种方式获取服务,我们都可以写出有效的单元测试。