1. 在app.module.ts文件中导入DateAdapter和MAT_DATE_FORMATS，并将其添加到providers中：

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { FormsModule, ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatDatepickerModule } from '@angular/material/datepicker';
import { MatNativeDateModule, DateAdapter, MAT_DATE_FORMATS } from '@angular/material/core';
import { AppDateAdapter, CUSTOM_DATE_FORMATS } from './date.adapter';

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    FormsModule,
    ReactiveFormsModule,
    BrowserAnimationsModule,
    MatDatepickerModule,
    MatNativeDateModule
  ],
  providers: [
    { provide: DateAdapter, useClass: AppDateAdapter },
    { provide: MAT_DATE_FORMATS, useValue: CUSTOM_DATE_FORMATS }
  ],
  declarations: [AppComponent],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

2. 创建一个自定义日期格式的date.adapter.ts文件：

import { NativeDateAdapter } from '@angular/material/core';
import { MAT_DATE_FORMATS } from '@angular/material/core';
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

@Injectable()
export class AppDateAdapter extends NativeDateAdapter {
  format(date: Date, displayFormat: Object): string {
    if (displayFormat === 'input') {
      const day = date.getDate();
      const month = date.getMonth() + 1;
      const year = date.getFullYear();
      return `${month}/${day}/${year}`;
    } else {
      return date.toDateString();
    }
  }
}

export const CUSTOM_DATE_FORMATS = {
  parse: {
    dateInput: { month: 'short', year: 'numeric', day: 'numeric' }
  },
  display: {
    dateInput: 'input',
    monthYearLabel: { year: 'numeric', month: 'short' },
    dateA11yLabel: { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric' },
    monthYearA11yLabel: { year: 'numeric', month: 'long' }
  }
};

3. 在日期选择器的HTML代码中添加matDatepickerInput和[datepicker]