1. 使用服务(Service)来实现 创建一个服务(Service)来处理无关组件之间的通信。这样，每个组件只需要注入相同的服务，就可以通过该服务互相通信。

示例代码：

// service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class DataService {
  private messageSource = new Subject();
  message$ = this.messageSource.asObservable();

  sendMessage(message: string) {
    this.messageSource.next(message);
  }
}

// component1.ts
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { DataService } from '../data.service';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-component1',
  template: `
    

      
      Send Message
    
  `
})
export class Component1Component {
  message: string;

  constructor(private dataService: DataService) {}

  sendMessage() {
    this.dataService.sendMessage(this.message);
    this.message = '';
  }
}

// component2.ts
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { DataService } from '../data.service';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-component2',
  template: `
    

      
Messages:
      

        
{{ message }}
      
    
  `
})
export class Component2Component implements OnInit {
  messages: string[] = [];

  constructor(private dataService: DataService) {}

  ngOnInit() {
    this.dataService.message$.subscribe(message => {
      this.messages.push(message);
    });
  }
}

2. 使用事件(Emitter)来实现 通过创建并分发自定义事件，使得无关组件之间可以互相通信。

示例代码：

// component1.ts
import { Component, EventEmitter, Output } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-component1',
  template: `