要实现ANTLR递归替换，首先需要编写一个ANTLR语法文件，然后使用ANTLR工具生成相应的解析器和词法分析器。接下来，可以通过编写一个ANTLR的访问者类来遍历解析树，并实现递归替换的逻辑。

下面是一个示例：

1. 创建ANTLR语法文件（例如，myGrammar.g4）：

grammar myGrammar;

expression : '(' expression ')'          # parentheses
            | expression op expression  # binaryOp
            | ID                         # identifier
            ;

op : '+' | '-' | '*' | '/';

ID : [a-zA-Z]+;

2. 使用ANTLR工具生成解析器和词法分析器：

antlr4 myGrammar.g4
javac *.java

3. 创建一个ANTLR的访问者类（例如，MyVisitor.java）：

import org.antlr.v4.runtime.tree.TerminalNode;
import myGrammarParser.*;

public class MyVisitor extends myGrammarBaseVisitor {

    @Override
    public Expression visitParentheses(ParenthesesContext ctx) {
        Expression expression = visit(ctx.expression());
        return new ParenthesesExpression(expression);
    }

    @Override
    public Expression visitBinaryOp(BinaryOpContext ctx) {
        Expression leftExpression = visit(ctx.expression(0));
        Expression rightExpression = visit(ctx.expression(1));
        return new BinaryOpExpression(leftExpression, ctx.op.getText(), rightExpression);
    }

    @Override
    public Expression visitIdentifier(IdentifierContext ctx) {
        TerminalNode terminalNode = (TerminalNode) ctx.getChild(0);
        return new IdentifierExpression(terminalNode.getText());
    }
}

4. 在主程序中使用访问者类来实现递归替换：

import org.antlr.v4.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.tree.*;
import myGrammarParser.*;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String expressionString = "(a + b) * c";
        ANTLRInputStream input = new ANTLRInputStream(expressionString);
        myGrammarLexer lexer = new myGrammarLexer(input);
        CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
        myGrammarParser parser = new myGrammarParser(tokens);
        ParseTree tree = parser.expression();

        MyVisitor visitor = new MyVisitor();
        Expression expression = visitor.visit(tree);

        // 递归替换示例
        Expression replacedExpression = replaceIdentifier(expression, "a", new IdentifierExpression("x"));

        System.out.println(replacedExpression);
    }

    private static Expression replaceIdentifier(Expression expression, String oldIdentifier, Expression newExpression) {
        if (expression instanceof IdentifierExpression) {
            IdentifierExpression identifierExpression = (IdentifierExpression) expression;
            if (identifierExpression.getIdentifier().equals(oldIdentifier)) {
                return newExpression;
            }
        } else if (expression instanceof ParenthesesExpression) {
            ParenthesesExpression parenthesesExpression = (ParenthesesExpression) expression;
            Expression innerExpression = replaceIdentifier(parenthesesExpression.getExpression(), oldIdentifier, newExpression);
            return new ParenthesesExpression(innerExpression);
        } else if (expression instanceof BinaryOpExpression) {
            BinaryOpExpression binaryOpExpression = (BinaryOpExpression) expression;
            Expression leftExpression = replaceIdentifier(binaryOpExpression.getLeftExpression(), oldIdentifier, newExpression);
            Expression rightExpression = replaceIdentifier(binaryOpExpression.getRightExpression(), oldIdentifier, newExpression);
            return new BinaryOpExpression(leftExpression, binaryOpExpression.getOperator(), rightExpression);
        }

        return expression;
    }
}

以上示例演示了如何使用ANTLR来解析一个表达式，并使用访问者模式实现递归替换。在主程序中，我们创建了一个标识符替换的示例，将表达式中的标识符"a"替换为一个新的表达式"x"。