在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加以下权限声明：

在代码中申请位置权限：

private static final int REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSIONS = 1234;

// ...

// Check if we have location permission
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
    if (this.checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // Request permission
        this.requestPermissions(new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSIONS);
        return;
    }
}

// ...

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    // Handle permission results
    switch (requestCode) {
        case REQUEST_LOCATION_PERMISSIONS: {
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // Permission granted, start BLE scanning
                startBleScan();
            } else {
                // Permission denied, show message to user
                Toast.makeText(this, "BLE scan requires location permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            return;
        }
    }
}

这些更改可以解决在Android 12+上使用BLE扫描时的崩溃问题。